-
课程思政融入临床医学专业心力衰竭教学的应用实践研究
编辑人员丨1周前
目的 以病理生理学中心力衰竭教学内容为切入点,探讨课程思政的有效融入方式并对教学效果进行评价.方法 以空军军医大学临床医学专业2018级和2019级各50名五年制本科生为研究对象,采取问卷调查的形式,比较开展课程思政和未开展课程思政年级的学员学习情况,研究课程思政在教学过程中的运用情况和效果.结果 在病理生理学的心力衰竭章节融入课程思政后,试验组的最终考核成绩和心力衰竭知识点的得分情况均高于对照组(P<0.05);对心力衰竭章节教学的满意度方面,试验组在提升知识理解掌握、引导创新思维培养、帮助学习兴趣激发以及坚定献身医学使命认识四个维度上高于对照组(P<0.05);在课程思政融入方式上,学员更加推荐以理论联系临床的小故事和军队卫生光荣事迹为融入点;教员普遍认为融入课程思政后,学员的学习积极性提升,课堂配合程度提高,学习态度更加端正,知识掌握更加融会贯通,师生交流沟通也更为通畅.结论 将课程思政理念和方法融入心力衰竭教学后,学员的学习积极性、课堂配合度及思维创新性等明显提升,提升了学员学习效率和教员教学水平,展现了课程思政在医学课堂中的教学优势.
...不再出现此类内容
编辑人员丨1周前
-
非酒精性脂肪肝病和心力衰竭:临床证据和病理生理学机制
编辑人员丨1周前
非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)和心力衰竭(心衰)是两大重要的公共健康问题.NAFLD增加心血管疾病(冠状动脉疾病、心房颤动、高血压、心肌病、心衰)风险间接或直接与心衰关联.NAFLD通过胰岛素抵抗、肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统和交感神经系统的激活、全身炎症、氧化应激、肠道菌群失调和扩张的异位脂肪等病理生理学机制促进心脏重塑和心衰的发生和进展.该研究总结了NAFLD与心衰关联的临床证据和病理生理学机制,及这两种疾病可能的管理和治疗.
...不再出现此类内容
编辑人员丨1周前
-
胰岛β细胞去分化与2型糖尿病
编辑人员丨1周前
Insulin secretion by islet β cells is a fundamental component in glucose homeostasis.Chronic meta-bolic stress causes β cell dysfunction as manifested by reduced cell mass and impaired insulin secretion,which contributes to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes(T2D).In the last decade,it has been putatively accepted that β cell dedifferentia-tion is a key pathological mechanism for β cell failure.β cell dedifferentiation is referred as the progressive process that β cells lose their identity and dedifferentiate into non-functional endocrine progenitor-like cells.Typically,aldehyde dehy-drogenase 1 family member A3(ALDH1A3)is a marker of β cell dedifferentiation.Chronic hyperglycemia can lead to de-differentiation of mature β cells,the mechanism of which involves oxidative stress and some key factors.β cell dedifferen-tiation is reversible,therefore,to intervene this process may represent a promising approach to the restoration of β cell function.In this review,we update the recent progress in the pathophysiology of β cell dedifferentiation to provide new strategy for the prevention and treatment of T2D.
...不再出现此类内容
编辑人员丨1周前
-
Emerging roles and therapeutic potentials of sphingolipids in pathophysiology:emphasis on fatty acyl heterogeneity
编辑人员丨1周前
Sphingolipids not only exert structural roles in cellular membranes,but also act as signaling molecules in various physiological and pathological processes.A myriad of studies have shown that abnormal levels of sphingolipids and their metabolic enzymes are associated with a variety of human diseases.Moreover,blood sphingolipids can also be used as biomarkers for disease diagnosis.This review summarizes the biosynthesis,metabolism,and pathological roles of sphingolipids,with emphasis on the biosynthesis of ceramide,the precursor for the biosynthesis of complex sphingolipids with different fatty acyl chains.The possibility of using sphingolipids for disease prediction,diagnosis,and treatment is also discussed.Tar-geting endogenous ceramides and complex sphingolipids along with their specific fatty acyl chain to promote future drug development will also be discussed.
...不再出现此类内容
编辑人员丨1周前
-
全球近10年干眼相关生活质量研究——基于VOSviewer和CiteSpace的文献计量学及可视化分析
编辑人员丨1周前
目的 探讨近10 年来干眼相关生活质量研究现状、热点及发展趋势,为后续研究提供依据.方法 检索Web of Science(核心合集)数据库 2012-2022 年关于干眼相关生活质量的文献,利用VOSviewer软件对文献的作者、期刊、国家、机构、关键词共现和聚类、共被引进行可视化分析,采用CiteSpace软件进行发文量、发文时间及关键词Burst分析.结果 近 10 年该领域发文量总体呈上升趋势,研究热点集中于干眼相关生活质量的管理及治疗,干眼对生活质量的影响,干眼的病因、定义和分类.当前的研究前沿包括干眼相关生活质量调查、干眼相关生活质量管理及治疗、探索具有现代特点的干眼治疗方式、干眼患者心理问题与生活质量的关系、干眼并发症的预防与管理.结论 本研究通过VOSviewer和CiteSpace对Web of Science数据库近 10 年的干眼相关生活质量文章进行文献计量学分析,可视化呈现了这一研究领域的研究现状、研究热点及研究前沿,以期为未来干眼研究提供一定的参考和依据.
...不再出现此类内容
编辑人员丨1周前
-
Vanillylacetone attenuates cadmium chloride-induced hippocampal damage and memory loss through up-regulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 gene and protein expression
编辑人员丨1周前
Memory loss and dementia are major public health concerns with a substantial economic burden.Oxidative stress has been shown to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of hippocampal damage-induced memory impairment.To investigate whether the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound vanillylacetone(zingerone)can protect against hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by cadmium chloride(CdCl2)administration in rats,we explored the potential involvement of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)signaling pathway,which is known to modulate oxidative stress and inflammation.Sixty healthy male Wistar rats were divided into five groups:vehicle-treated(control),vanillylacetone,CdCl2,vanillylacetone+CdCl2,vanillylacetone+CdCl2+brusatol(a selective pharmacological Nrf2 inhibitor)groups.Vanillylacetone effectively attenuated CdCl2-induced damage in the dental gyrus of the hippocampus and improved the memory function assessed by the Morris Water Maze test.Additionally,vanillylacetone markedly decreased the hippocampal tissue levels of inflammatory biomarkers(interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,intracellular cell adhesive molecules)and apoptosis biomarkers(Bax and cleaved caspase-3).The control and CdCl2-treated groups treated with vanillylacetone showed reduced generation of reactive oxygen species,decreased malondialdehyde levels,and increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione activities,along with significant elevation of nuclear Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression in hippocampal tissue.All the protective effects of vanillylacetone were substantially blocked by the co-administration of brusatol(a selective Nrf2 inhibitor).Vanillylacetone mitigated hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by CdCl2,at least in part,by activating the nuclear transcription factor Nrf2.Additionally,vanillylacetone exerted its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions.
...不再出现此类内容
编辑人员丨1周前
-
基于临床病例分析的护理专业病理生理学模块化理论-实验交叉融合课程体系构建与实践
编辑人员丨1周前
目的 构建基于临床病例分析的模块化理论-实验交叉融合的护理专业病理生理学课程体系,探讨其教学效果.方法 选取 2017 级到 2020 级护理专业本科生作为教学研究对象,对照组进行传统理论授课,观察组采用基于病例分析的模块化理论教学,交叉融合动物实验和思政等教学内容.结果 与对照组相比,观察组学生的成绩有所提高,平均分从对照组的 78.94分(2017级)升至观察组的 80.21 分(2018 级)、81.36 分(2019 级)和 88.25 分(2020 级,P<0.05).优秀率(80分以上)由对照组的 28%(2017级)升至 57%(2018 级)、50%(2019 级)和 67%(2020 级,P<0.05),学生对课程的评价也逐渐提高.结论 基于临床病例分析的模块化理论-实验交叉融合教学法可提高护理专业学生对病理生理学课程知识的掌握程度,同时提升了其综合素质能力.
...不再出现此类内容
编辑人员丨1周前
-
肝移植术后早期肝功能不全的诊治及研究进展
编辑人员丨1周前
肝移植是治疗终末期肝病的一种挽救生命性方法,术后往往会出现移植物早期功能不全(障碍)。早期肝功能不全已成为肝移植术后的一种严重并发症,直接影响患者的预后。本文通过对肝移植术后早期肝功能不全的诊断、病理生理、影响因素以及预测模型等进行综述,以期通过早期发现、诊断并处理干预影响其发生的因素,从而提升肝移植成功率,不断改善肝移植患者的生存预后。
...不再出现此类内容
编辑人员丨1周前
-
《2023年JCS心肌炎诊断和治疗指南》解读
编辑人员丨1周前
《2023 年JCS心肌炎诊断和治疗指南》在心肌炎的定义和分类、流行病学、病理生理学、诊断标准、诊断流程、治疗及管理等多个方面进行了全新诠释,为临床医师提供了更贴合临床实际的心肌炎诊断和治疗建议.鉴于我国近期无心肌炎相关指导性文件发布,本文将结合国内外最新心肌炎研究进展,对该指南要点进行全面解读,以期为我国心肌炎临床诊疗提供参考.
...不再出现此类内容
编辑人员丨1周前
-
脑震荡后综合征的磁共振成像研究进展
编辑人员丨1周前
脑震荡后综合征(postconcussional syndrome,PCS)是脑外伤后最常见的慢性后遗症.PCS的损伤机制涉及多种神经病理生理过程,目前尚不明确.越来越多的磁共振成像技术,例如,扩散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)、灌注加权成像(perfusion weighted imaging,PWI)、氢质子磁共振波谱成像(hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy,1H-MRS)等被用于探究PCS从急性期到慢性期的神经病理生理变化与临床症状的关系.本文根据患者受伤的不同时期及其疾病进展进行纳入,对多种高级MRI手段在PCS中的应用进行综述,从不同角度了解其潜在神经病理机制,更好地服务于疾病的诊疗及预后.
...不再出现此类内容
编辑人员丨1周前